Fengshan District (Chinese: 鳳山區; Tongyong Pinyin: Fòngshan Cyu; Hanyu Pinyin: Fèngshān Qū; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hōng-soaⁿ-khu) is located in southern Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Fengshan is one of the administrative centers of Kaohsiung City and is home to the Chinese Military Academy.
During the Dutch era, the current location of Fongshan was called Pongsoya, a group of eight Makatao villages and one of the most populous areas of Taiwan. In the Qing Dynasty, Fengshan County (鳳山縣) included areas south of Tainan City (then called Prefecture City) and west of the mountains. In 1875, the southern part of Fengshan County was separated into Hengchun County (恆春縣). After the Japanese Colonial Government started to develop the Kaohsiung Harbor in the early 20th century, the importance of Fengshan was replaced by Kaohsiung City. Although Fengshan is the capital of Kaohsiung, it has become a de facto satellite city of Kaohsiung City.
There are three military units currently located in Fengshan. Both Chinese Military Academy and R.O.C. Army Infantry School were migrated from China and re-established here in 1950. Chung Cheng Armed Forces Preparatory School was established in 1976. These three units used to be the main economic driving force, but their importance seems to diminish gradually as Fengshan has established itself as a conjunction between Pingtung City and Kaohsiung City.
Although there are several industrial zones at the rim or outskirt of the city, the major life style in Fengshan seems to be very residential. Lots of apartments were built near the proximity of Kaohsiung City as a result of shifting economic weight. Like most of areas in Taiwan, it also has many night markets scattered around within the city. Most of the night markets run until 2:00 am. Some of them run business on different days of a week, but some others are all year round. Some of them are temporary, while others have become permanent establishments.
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This township is part of Kaohsiung built up area which encompasses 10 cities (or townships) out of 18 in official Kaohsiung Metro Area.
Fengshan is in the tropical zone. Average temperature is 23 Celsius (°C). Average precipitation is 1,500 to 2,000 millimeters.
Fengshan is one of the two cable landing points of Taiwan island (the other one is Toucheng). Four submarine communication cables, including C2C and SEA-ME-WE 3, connect here.
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